Hauv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no ua rau ERA, antennas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov qauv ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws .
Cov txheej txheem tsim qauv ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov yog ib txoj kev sib tw thiab cov kav hlau txais xov xwm nrog cov kav hlau txais xov hluav taws xob nrog cov kav hlau txais xov hluav taws xob nrog rau cov kav hlau txais xov macroses Tsis muaj ib qho zaus thiab yog siv dav hauv kev tshaj tawm, kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov thiab yooj yim}} Lawv feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv txawb
Ntxiv rau cov qauv theem pib, cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov thiab tau txais ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov thiab muaj kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob tau ua tiav, Microsual Antenniation tus qauv los ntawm txuas hlau rau dielectric substrates {2. Lawv me me nyob rau hauv loj thiab lub teeb nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav, thiab tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob {}}
Hauv kev siv cov kev siv, cov qauv ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov thiab kev txais ntawm cov kab ke ntawm lub sijhawm, hauv cov phiaj xwm kev sib txuas lus thiab kev lees paub ntawm lub sijhawm, txhawm rau daws cov txheej txheem nyuaj ua ntej, Cov qauv ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thiab cov tshuab ruaj khov {}}
Nrog kev nce qib nruam ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, cov kav hlau txais xov, peb muaj kev txhawb nqa zoo dua, muab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa tau yooj yim rau kev txhim kho hnub nyoog.